ABSTRACT
Background A common psychiatric problem called attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by impulsivity with resultant behavior issues and a very short attention span. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the management of dental procedures in children with and without ADHD employing various behavior modification techniques. Materials and methods The study consisted of 121 children divided into two groups with 60 children diagnosed with ADHD and 60 children without ADHD between 7 and 15 years of age. Each of the three sessions, which were spaced a week apart, included a dental examination, oral prophylaxis, and a minor restorative procedure. The pulse rate (PR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured during each of these sessions. The study was conducted to evaluate the Tell-Show-Do (TSD) method, audiovisual distraction, and pharmacological management of children with and without ADHD during the dental procedure. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22 (Released 2013; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States) was used to statistically analyze the findings. The mean values of the parameters from the three sessions were analyzed and compared using the Z-test. Result The children with ADHD included 39 (65%) boys and 21 (35%) girls, and the children without ADHD consisted of 27 (44.26%) boys and 33 (54.09%) girls. The mean values of the PR during sessions two and three were found to be statistically highly significant between the children with and without ADHD for TSD and audiovisual aids. In both groups, the mean SpO2 values for all the sessions were found to be statistically highly significant for the techniques evaluated (p<0.01). The change in the mean PR score for the ADHD children revealed a declining trend from sessions one through three for all the techniques evaluated (p<0.05), demonstrating a statistically significant effectiveness of the various techniques between the two groups and thereby revealing a decreased level of anxiety. Between sessions one and three, all of the three techniques showed a decreasing trend of SpO2 scores, with the exception of the pharmacological management of ADHD children (p<0.01) indicating that the uncontrollable ADHD children feel less anxious than in the other two approaches. Conclusion The findings of the study demonstrated that behavior management techniques were found to be effective at reducing anxiety in ADHD children than in children without ADHD. Our study further suggests that scheduling dental appointments into a series of short visits could enhance the effectiveness of the therapy and better cooperation of the children.
ABSTRACT
Because of their complex epidemiology and etiology, cervical abrasions usually manifest with concealing symptoms. The buccolingual dimension of the sore is considered the most important metric to rank the damage and evaluate its long-term prognosis. In this piece, we will break this down and offer the Cervical Abrasion Index of Treatment Needs (CAITN), a simple grouping structure based on the clinical presentation of the sore that may be used to establish a basic, useful, treatment-based order. CAITN is the practical approach to routine screening and recording cervical abrasion lesions. The index provides epidemiologists, public health professionals, and practitioners with a practical means of assessing the treatment needs (TN) of cervical abrasion.
ABSTRACT
Background Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a common clinical finding that varies greatly in prevalence. An appropriate impulse that detonates noxious stimuli in the pulp/dentin boundary causes the typical DH pain, which is sudden, short, sharp, and of rapid onset. The objective of this research was to ascertain the incidence of DH in Keralites and evaluate some contributory factors, along with other initiating stimuli. Methodology Over three months, from June 2022 to August 2022, a cluster sampling technique was employed to conduct the study in 14 districts of Kerala. Patients from five clinics from each district who reported having DH and were aged 25 to 65 years were chosen at random. Using Google Survey forms, a 20-question, closed-ended survey was mailed to patients. The data were collected, evaluated, and analyzed using SPSS Version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The statistical difference in the distribution of DH and the patient's age was determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA). A chi-square test was carried out to test the association between dentinal hypersensitivity, gender, and other parameters; P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results Among the 2,520 persons to whom questionnaires were mailed, 2,321 responded, with an unresponsive rate of 7.89%. The study revealed a sensitivity predilection among females (54%), although statistically insignificant. Respondents aged 25 to 35 years (41.01%) were commonly reported to have DH, the age distribution of which was found to be highly significant statistically (P < 0.01). Teeth whitening resulted in 82.98% of the sensitivity, whereas 47.99% accepted poor oral hygiene as an additional contributory factor. DH was reported in 52.01% of the patients with gastritis and 63.03% of the patients with gingival recession. Further, blame for poor dental treatment (88.88%) and climate change (82.92%) were also found relevant. The quality of life was claimed to be afflicted in 90.99% of the patients. Desensitizing agents were used by 68.97% of the patients, with which 68.03% reported satisfaction. Of the subjects who underwent professional treatment, 87.03% reported being satisfied. Oral prophylaxis-induced sensitivity was reported in 57.99%, indicating enhanced oral health awareness among Kerala residents. There was a statistically highly significant difference in the patient distribution based on the exposure to DH, and their perception of the causes and factors affecting DH (P < 0.01). Conclusions DH is a frequently and widely prevalent dental malady. Respondents demonstrated that they were conversant with DH. The quality of life and enjoyment of daily activities are both impacted by dentin hypersensitivity, and many patients are unaware that it is a treatable illness. Various desensitizing substances are also available and can be applied quickly to sensitive areas. Patients prefer this procedure as it is simpler to apply these agents and the effects are pleasant and beneficial.
ABSTRACT
Objective This study was intended to compare the mean buccolingual measurement of abraded teeth with/without sensitivity. The hypothesis was that the suggested treatment approaches would be in agreement with that of the treatment needs (TN) elicited using the Cervical Abrasion Index of Treatment Needs (CAITN) probe and aid in the development of a prospective CAITN index for clinical/community studies of effective therapeutic measures. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 30 individuals with a mean age of 48.4±12.54 years, comprising 840 teeth with/without cervical abrasion. The buccolingual measurement of each tooth was recorded using the CAITN probe. The response to air-blast was assessed by a short blast of one-second duration at a distance of 1 cm for each tooth. An endodontist was also asked to indicate the treatment methods used by him for the treatment of abrasions. His opinions regarding the TN were later compared with the data collected by an investigator. Results The mean buccolingual measurements of all the teeth were compared with the dentinal sensitivity using the independent t-test and were statistically highly significant. Furthermore, one-way analysis of variance disclosed that there was a statistically highly significant difference found for all the TN (p<0.01) such as none, preventive, basic, and advanced restorative TN followed by Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc tests for multiple pair-wise comparisons. The running receiver operator characteristic curve discloses the best cut-off value of the buccolingual measurement to predict the various categories of TN of each tooth. As the area under the curve is more close to 1 (noticed in the majority of the teeth in the sample), the model predicts the TN more precisely based on the buccolingual measurements. Conclusion The present study enables a correct diagnosis of cervical abrasions and determines the various TN with the most appropriate restorative material. These baseline data help to design clinical studies that test relevant treatment and diagnostic strategies.
ABSTRACT
Background To provide effective oral health care to patients and healthy individuals, it is critical to recognize prevalent myths. Most myths cause patients to follow the wrong protocol in dentistry, which can make treatment difficult for the dentist. This study aimed to assess dental myths among the Saudi Arabian population in Riyadh. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among Riyadh adults between August and October 2021. Saudi nationals aged 18-65 living in Riyadh without cognitive, hearing, or vision impairments and with limited or no trouble interpreting the questionnaire were surveyed. Only participants who consented to participate in the study were included. JMP Pro 15.2.0 was used to evaluate survey data. Frequency and percentage distributions were used for dependent and independent variables. The chi-square test evaluated the statistical significance of the variables, with a p-value of 0.05 being considered statistically significant. Results A total of 433 participants completed the survey. Half of the sample (50%) were aged 18-28; 50% were men; and 75% had a college degree. Higher-educated men and women did better on the survey. In particular, 80% of the participants believed "teething causes fever." "Placing a (pain killer) tablet on a tooth reduces pain" was believed by 34.40% of the participants, and 26% thought pregnant women should not get dental work. Lastly, 79% of the participants believed that "infants obtain calcium from their mother's teeth and bone." Most sources of these pieces of information were online (62.60%). Conclusions Nearly half of the participants believe in dental health myths, and as a result, people follow unhealthy practices. This results in long-term health consequences. The government and health professionals must prevent the spread of such misconceptions. In this regard, dental health education may be helpful. Most of this study's crucial findings are consistent with those of prior studies, indicating its accuracy.
